Jerusalem artichokes, also known as sunroots or sunchokes, are a unique addition to any garden. These sun-loving perennials produce knobby tubers that resemble ginger root and offer a nutty, slightly sweet flavor reminiscent of artichokes. Growing Jerusalem artichokes is relatively easy, making them an excellent choice for both novice and experienced gardeners alike.
To begin your Jerusalem artichoke adventure, select a sunny spot in your garden with well-draining soil. These plants thrive in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Before planting, enrich the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to provide essential nutrients for robust growth. Use care when selecting a location as they can be invasive.
Plant Jerusalem artichoke tubers in early spring, about 3 to 5 inches deep and 12 to 18 inches apart. Ensure that each tuber has at least one bud or "eye" facing upward. Water the newly planted tubers thoroughly and keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Jerusalem artichokes are vigorous growers and can reach heights of up to 6 to 10
feet, so it's essential to provide support, such as stakes or trellises, to prevent them from flopping over.
Throughout the growing season, continue to water regularly, especially during dry spells. Apply a layer of mulch to help retain soil moisture and suppress weed growth. Jerusalem artichokes are relatively pest and disease-resistant, making them low-maintenance plants in the garden.
As autumn approaches, Jerusalem artichoke plants will begin to die back, indicating that tubers are ready for harvest. Wait until after the first frost, as cold temperatures improve the tubers' flavor and sweetness.
To harvest Jerusalem artichokes, gently dig around the base of the plant, being careful not to damage the tubers. Use your hands or a garden fork to loosen the soil and lift the tubers from the ground. Shake off excess soil and remove any remaining stems or debris.
Once harvested, Jerusalem artichokes can be stored in a cool, dark place for several weeks. Enjoy them roasted, sautéed, or added to soups and stews for a delicious and nutritious addition to your culinary repertoire. With proper care and attention, growing and harvesting Jerusalem artichokes can be a rewarding experience for any gardener.
They are typically suitable for USDA hardiness zones 3 through 9 (we are zone 5b). This broad range encompasses a variety of climates, from cold northern regions to more temperate southern areas. If preferred the tubers can be stored in a cool basement for planting the following spring. Overall, Jerusalem artichokes are adaptable plants that can withstand a range of conditions, making them a versatile option for gardeners in different regions.